HGV Theory Test: Your Complete Guide
The HGV theory test is a mandatory step on the path to getting your HGV licence. It tests your knowledge of road safety, vehicle operation, and hazard awareness. This guide covers everything you need to know to pass first time in 2026.
What Does the HGV Theory Test Involve?
The test has two parts, both taken on the same day at a DVSA theory test centre:
Part 1: Multiple Choice Questions
- Number of questions: 100
- Pass mark: 85 out of 100
- Time allowed: 115 minutes (1 hour 55 minutes)
- Format: Touch-screen computer test with four possible answers per question
Questions cover topics including:
- Vehicle weights and dimensions
- Drivers’ hours and tachograph rules
- Load security and vehicle loading
- Braking systems and vehicle maintenance
- Road signs, signals, and road markings
- Accident procedures and first aid
- Environmental issues and fuel efficiency
- The Highway Code as it applies to large vehicles
Part 2: Hazard Perception
- Number of clips: 19 video clips
- Pass mark: 67 out of 100
- Format: Computer-generated video clips showing driving scenarios
You watch each clip and click the mouse when you spot a developing hazard — a situation that would cause you to change speed or direction. Most clips contain one scoreable hazard, but one clip contains two. You score up to 5 points per hazard based on how early you respond.
How to Book the HGV Theory Test
Book your test through the official DVSA booking service. The current fee is £26. You will need your provisional HGV licence number to book.
Test centres are located across the UK. The nearest centres to our training school include Guildford, Farnborough, and Croydon.
Top Tips for Passing the Multiple Choice Section
- Use official DVSA materials: The official DVSA practice question bank contains all the questions that may appear in your test. Study these thoroughly.
- Focus on weak areas: After your first practice run, identify topics where you score lowest and concentrate your revision there.
- Learn the numbers: Many questions involve specific figures — speed limits, weight limits, tachograph rules, and stopping distances. Create flashcards for these.
- Read questions carefully: Some questions are designed to catch you out with similar-sounding answers. Read every option before selecting your answer.
- Practice under timed conditions: Get used to the pace of the test. You have just over a minute per question, which is generous but can feel pressured.
- Study for 2–4 weeks: Most students need 2–4 weeks of regular study (30–60 minutes per day) to feel confident.
Top Tips for the Hazard Perception Section
- Click early but not too early: You score highest by clicking as soon as the hazard begins to develop. Do not wait until it becomes obvious.
- Use the 3-click method: Click when you first notice a potential hazard, again when it starts to develop, and once more when it becomes clear. This covers the scoring window without over-clicking.
- Do not click randomly: The system detects patterns of random clicking and will score that clip as zero.
- Watch for common hazards: Pedestrians stepping into the road, vehicles pulling out from junctions, cyclists, and road works are the most common hazard types.
- Practice with official clips: The DVSA practice clips are the closest to the real test. Use them extensively.
What Happens If I Fail?
If you fail either part, you must wait at least 3 working days before rebooking. You will need to retake both parts, even if you only failed one. Your theory test certificate is valid for 2 years — you must pass your practical test within this period.
How GS Driver Training Can Help
We provide comprehensive theory test preparation support, including recommended study materials and practice resources. Our instructors are happy to answer questions about theory topics during your practical training.
Need help preparing for your theory test? Call us on 01252 447808 for advice and guidance.